What is Psychoanalysis?

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Psychoanalysis, founded by Neurologist Sigmund Freud, is the hallmark of psychotherapy. Freud believed that individuals have levels of consciousness and mental health disorders come from the unconscious mind, which stores primal energy and sexual urges.

Psychoanalysis’s goal is to make the unconscious conscious so people can better understand their whole self. Because the unconscious guards repressed emotions and memories, people can be hesitant to bring them forward. Freud referred to these defense mechanisms as ways people avoid confronting their unconscious thoughts.

Psychoanalysis uses the Rorschach inkblot test, free association, and dream analysis.

Rorschach inkblot tests are ambiguous images that have no meaning. Psychoanalysts ask a person to explain what they see within the image and then interpret their unconscious material from there.

Free association is when a psychoanalyst says a word or phrase, and then the person is encouraged to speak about whatever first comes to mind. Free association aims to discover parts of repressed memories and incorporate them into the conscious mind.

Dream analysis asks people to explain their dreams. Then, the psychoanalyst makes interpretations, or guesses, about the dream’s latent content. Latent content refers to what the dream means instead of the dream’s manifest content, which is what happened during the dream.

Psychoanalysis is an intensive form of therapy that requires years of work. It can be helpful for people experiencing anxiety or depression or for people who want to incorporate unconscious material into their consciousness.

Therapists Who Specialize in Using Psychoanalysis

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Alexandra Talks

Cincinnati

Ohio

I practice psychotherapy with adults of all ages, older adolescents, and couples. I treat clients with problems related to depression, anxiety, trauma, relationship conflict, and feeling stuck and overwhelmed by life decisions. I am sensitive to and interested in the role of culture and socioeconomics, and I have had the privilege of treating clients with many different ethnicities, religions, ...
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Efrain Antonio Gonzalez

Miami

Florida

Dr. Efrain Antonio Gonzalez provides individual psychotherapy to adults and adolescents. Psychotherapy offers an opportunity to manage anxiety, depression, and relationship issues by exploring difficult experiences and emotions in a safe, non-judgmental environment. Dr. Gonzalez is a certified Psychoanalyst and an Adjunct Professor at Nova Southeastern University (NSU) in Neuroscience and...
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Mojgan Khademi

San Diego

California

I have over 20 years of clinical experience in the mental health field working with adults struggling with a variety of concerns. I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist (CA License #PSY15300), a Board-Certified psychoanalyst, and a fellow of the American Board of Psychoanalysis. I am currently an Associate Professor at the California School of Professional Psychology and teach classes at the San...

MacKenzie Kerosky

Seattle

Washington

As a clinical therapist I am honored to hear people’s stories and witness incredible resilience in the face of trauma, intersections of injustice, and the stigma surrounding seeking help. My passion is in empowering clients in recognizing their own strengths and building upon them in a safe and nonjudgmental atmosphere. I am committed to being culturally respectful and an ally to diverse...

Marina Kovarsky

Boston

Massachusetts

I help couples and individuals stuck in unsatisfying, repetitive patterns find clarity and regain momentum. I have a warm, collaborative and direct style. My work is informed by years of postgraduate training in psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, a form of treatment that aims to fully resolve underlying causes of our distress. I draw on the latest research in neuroscience, attachme...